Net metering by utility
Net metering decides what your utility gives you for the electricity that your solar panels send to the grid. Each utility follows its own tariff and the rules of its state. These pages explain the rules of each utility in plain English, with a link to the official document for each fact.
| Utility | Plan for new solar | Power sent to the grid | Unused credits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Florida Power & LightFlorida | Net metering | Subtracted from your kWh each month; extra kWh are a credit for later bills | Paid once a year at the as-available energy rate (COG-1) |
| Duke Energy FloridaFlorida | Net metering | Subtracted from your kWh each month; extra kWh are a credit for later bills | Paid once a year at the as-available energy rate (COG-1) |
| PG&ECalifornia | Net Billing Tariff (Solar Billing Plan) | Credit in dollars at a value for each month and hour; no netting | Carried forward at the yearly true-up; net surplus compensation for extra kWh |
Net metering and net billing
With net metering, the utility subtracts the kWh that you send to the grid from the kWh that you take from the grid. Each kWh that you send is worth the same as a kWh that you buy, up to your use. In Florida, the investor-owned utilities bill this way under Florida PSC Rule 25-6.065.
With net billing, the utility bills each kWh that you take from the grid and gives a credit for each kWh that you send, at a different value. In California, PG&E puts new solar customers on its Net Billing Tariff, with export values by month and hour.
To estimate what panels save on your rate plan, use the solar savings calculator. We read the documents on these pages on October 24, 2026.